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a non-discriminatory use of Free Software on their devices.
</p>
</div>
<!-- @TRANSLATORS: the banner's source file you find here:
<!-- @TRANSLATORS: the banner's source file you find here:
https://download.fsfe.org/device-neutrality/device-neutrality-logo-banner.odp -->
<figure class="max-width-100 no-border">
<img
src="https://pics.fsfe.org/uploads/big/de9a14dc3122b5c304d8644d584abb6c.png"
alt="Device neutrality: safeguarding free software in devices" />
</figure>
</figure>
<div class="toc">
<p>Table of contents</p>
@@ -64,36 +64,36 @@
<p>
We all know the joy of acquiring a new device and the excitement of exploring
the new features and functionalities. Let's imagine the scenario where you
bought a new Android smartphone.
</p>
the new features and functionalities. Let's imagine the scenario where you
bought a new Android smartphone.
</p>
<p>
You are thrilled to learn and discover all what your device can deliver.
<p>
You are thrilled to learn and discover all what your device can deliver.
You want to install apps, use the camera, acess the internet,
run games, and enjoy all what your equipment can perform.
However, soon you start to realise something wrong. In order to start your
phone, you are prompted to create an online account for using our device,
However, soon you start to realise something wrong. In order to start your
phone, you are prompted to create an online account for using our device,
even if you are not up to.
</p>
<p>
Further you begin to perceive how limited your to donwload and install new apps and
programs. The only possible way is via the manufacturer's app store or marketplace.
You may be even forbidden to sideload or install third party software,
including <a href="https://www.f-droid.org/">alternative repositories</a>.
Most weirdly, are not allowed to unistall pre-installed programs that are unpurposely
occupying the device's memory and unduly draining its battery.
</p>
<p>
Further you begin to perceive how limited your to donwload and install new apps and
programs. The only possible way is via the manufacturer's app store or marketplace.
You may be even forbidden to sideload or install third party software,
including <a href="https://www.f-droid.org/">alternative repositories</a>.
Most weirdly, are not allowed to unistall pre-installed programs that are unpurposely
occupying the device's memory and unduly draining its battery.
</p>
<p>
<p>
You may think this is an issue with the operating system and start searching
for alternatives. However, your device boots only a specific proprietary operating
system. In other words, you cannot install a different OS. Finally you sadly realise,
although your smartphone is a general purpose computer, you are stuck with an
artificially limited device which perfoms much less than you expected.
system. In other words, you cannot install a different OS. Finally you sadly realise,
although your smartphone is a general purpose computer, you are stuck with an
artificially limited device which perfoms much less than you expected.
</p>
<figure class="no-border">
<img
src="https://pics.fsfe.org/uploads/big/d0988bf4e317a6cd7953689adf50b573.jpg"
@@ -103,27 +103,27 @@
data are current hurdles faced by end-users in digital markets.
</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>
Issues like these, and many others related to browsers, search engines and
<p>
Issues like these, and many others related to browsers, search engines and
to hardware are common occurance in digital markets. End-users are experimenting
a severe limitation on their rights and ability to freely use their devices.
Basic freedoms as installing and unistalling software are being unfairly limited
a severe limitation on their rights and ability to freely use their devices.
Basic freedoms as installing and unistalling software are being unfairly limited
by these companies, commonly refered as "gatekeepers", because of their
monopolistic control over devices.
monopolistic control over devices.
</p>
<p>
Device Neutrality is a policy concept to enable end-users to bypass gatekeepers
in order to run Free Software and use services independently of the the control
exercised by hardware manufacturers, vendors and platforms. In this page
you will learn that Device Neutrality can be achieved by safeguarding
in order to run Free Software and use services independently of the the control
exercised by hardware manufacturers, vendors and platforms. In this page
you will learn that Device Neutrality can be achieved by safeguarding
software freedom in devices, protecting end-users from lock-in
and promoting standardized ways of data interoperability.
</p>
</p>
<h2 id="general-purpose-computer-free-software">General Purpose Computers and Free Software</h2>
<p>
@@ -134,9 +134,9 @@
tablets, laptops and other connected devices are <strong>general purpose
computers</strong>. It means we can potentially run any software we want to
make full use of the hardware. This potential is fostered by Free Software.
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
Software freedom depends on how we can run
software in devices. Safeguarding <a
href="/freesoftware/freesoftware.html">the four freedoms of Free Software</a>
@@ -154,15 +154,15 @@
</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2 id="gatekeeper-control-monopoly-devices">Gatekeeper Monopoly over Devices</h2>
<p>
<p>
Although the devices we use are general purpose computers, device
manufacturers, vendors and internet platforms have been restricting
software freedom due by exercising their monopolistic control over end-user
equipment. This power is exercised over key features and components of
equipment. This power is exercised over key features and components of
devices such as operating systems, browsers and app-stores. Since these elements
are essential for the functioning of devices, they constitute a
<strong>termination monopoly</strong>, which grants such companies powers in the
@@ -175,20 +175,20 @@
perform a <strong>gatekeeper function</strong> in similar ways that a provider of
an internet access connection controls a gateway to the internet. Depending how
important the device features and components are for end-users, the more
entranched the position of the gatekeeper can become in the digital markets.
</p>
<p>
entranched the position of the gatekeeper can become in the digital markets.
</p>
<p>
Monopolised markets are prejudicial for fair competition
and consumer welfare. Gatekeepers control over operating systems,
app-stores, browsers and key online services end-users are left
and consumer welfare. Gatekeepers control over operating systems,
app-stores, browsers and key online services end-users are left
with few choices, hindering individual freedoms and self-determination.
In general terms, gatekeeper control is achieved by:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<strong>Restricting Software Freedom</strong>:Gatekeepers limit users to
<strong>Restricting Software Freedom</strong>:Gatekeepers limit users to
install different operating systems, browsers, apps stores, drivers,
etc. on their devices. They also impose on users pre-installed apps and
control their uninstallation.
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@
software, devices and services.
</li>
</ul>
<figure class="no-border">
<a
@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@
</figcaption>
</figure>
<module id="banner-subscribe" />
<module id="banner-subscribe" />
<h2 id="device-neutrality-free-software">Device Neutrality and Free Software</h2>
<p>
@@ -239,13 +239,13 @@
</p>
<p>
Re-establishing end-user control over devices and fair competition in digital
markets require safeguarding software freedom in devices, protecting end-users
from lock-in and promoting end-user control over data.
Re-establishing end-user control over devices and fair competition in digital
markets require safeguarding software freedom in devices, protecting end-users
from lock-in and promoting end-user control over data.
</p>
<div class="icon-grid one-per-row">
<ul>
<li>
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
<div>
<h3 id="dn-software-freedom">Software Freedom</h3>
<p>
Blocking end-users' freedom to install, run and uninstall software on
Blocking end-users' freedom to install, run and uninstall software on
their devices is a central source of gatekeepers control. Although gatekeepers may
argue that installing third party software could be potentially harmful to users due to
security, data integrity and privacy concerns, in fact commercial
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@
</p>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<img src="/graphics/icons/transparency.png" alt="" />
<div>
@@ -334,8 +334,8 @@
technology. Our work has been translating the demands for Device Neutrality
a vivid reality for digital markets with several dedicated activities and
initiatives.
</p>
</p>
<h3 id="dn-dma">Digital Markets Act</h3>
<p>
@@ -350,20 +350,20 @@
safeguarding the right to uninstall pre-installed software, several
measures for preventing lock-in, as well as fostering interoperability and
end-user control over personal data.
</p>
<h3 id="dn-initiatives">Initiatives for Device Neutrality</h3>
<p>
</p>
<h3 id="dn-initiatives">Initiatives for Device Neutrality</h3>
<p>
Device ecossystems are extremely complex, and enforcing Device Neutrality
requires dedicated initiatives focusing determined aspects of how end-users
use and interact with devices. Along the years, our activities have related
to several components of Device Neutrality, such as promoting software freedom,
to several components of Device Neutrality, such as promoting software freedom,
protecting end-users from lock-in and fostering self-empowerement related to
personal data.
</p>
personal data.
</p>
<div class="icon-grid">
<ul>
<li>
@@ -371,9 +371,9 @@
<div>
<h3 id="id-dma-icon">DMA</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/activities/dma/dma.html">Digital Markets Act (DMA)</a>
is a game-changer for regulating gatekeepers. Its rules contain several
aspects of Device Neutrality. The FSFE colaborated in the legislative
The <a href="/activities/dma/dma.html">Digital Markets Act (DMA)</a>
is a game-changer for regulating gatekeepers. Its rules contain several
aspects of Device Neutrality. The FSFE colaborated in the legislative
process and is closely following its implementation.
</p>
</div>
@@ -397,7 +397,7 @@
<h3 id="id-ua">Upcycling Android</h3>
<p>
Free Sofware helps extending the lifespan of devices. With <a href="/activities/upcyclingandroid">Upcycling Android</a>
we are promoting sustainable ways to overcome software obsolecence in
we are promoting sustainable ways to overcome software obsolecence in
the Android world.
</p>
</div>
@@ -408,36 +408,36 @@
<div>
<h3 id="id-red">Radio Lockdown Directive</h3>
<p>
EU legislation can sometimes create hurdles for the usage of Free Software
in radio devices. We are promoting <a href="/activities/radiodirective/radiodirective.html">better policy and legislative solutions</a>
EU legislation can sometimes create hurdles for the usage of Free Software
in radio devices. We are promoting <a href="/activities/radiodirective/radiodirective.html">better policy and legislative solutions</a>
for end-users of radio equipment.
</p>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<hr />
<p>
Nevertheless, although the Device Neutrality principles may sound common
knowledge for the Free Software community, it is far from being current
commercial practices by gatekeepers. Monitoring the enforcement and
compliance of the DMA, the conduction of device-related activities and
promoting software freedom requires a lot of resources.
promoting software freedom requires a lot of resources.
<fsfe-cd-donate-link>Please consider becoming a FSFE
donor</fsfe-cd-donate-link>; you help make possible our long-term engagement and
professional commitment in defending people's rights to control
technology.
</p>
<p class="text-center">
<fsfe-cd-donate-link class="btn btn-lg btn-primary">
I want to donate for Device Neutrality!
</fsfe-cd-donate-link>
</p>
<figure class="no-border">
<img
src="https://pics.fsfe.org/uploads/medium/991c7845beed330024615173a7c4175d.jpg"
@@ -468,18 +468,18 @@
<li><a href="/activities/upcyclingandroid/">Upcycling Android</a></li>
<li><a href="/activities/radiodirective/">EU Radio Lockdown</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Support the FSFE</h2>
<p>
As a non-profit, non-governmental organisation, Free Software Foundation
Europe works to create general understanding and support for Free Software
and Open Standards in politics, business, law and society at large.
and Open Standards in politics, business, law and society at large.
By becoming a supporter of the FSFE you empower our work and help to assure our financial independence.
</p>
<a href="https://my.fsfe.org/support" class="big-donate">Become a supporter</a>
</sidebar>